Organisational Design & analysis Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Hierarchical Design and investigation - Case Study Example Associations consequently will in general endeavor at creating more noteworthy interests just as an incentive to the clients with the end goal of adequately controlling the inside business exercises and get serious advantages recognized in the outer business condition. Besides, it very well may be seen that the advertisers likewise center after assessing diverse strong systems and techniques so as to improve the degree of getting better control of the hierarchical methodology alongside achieving a serious situation in the wildly developing business condition (Stahl and Voigt, 2006). Underlining the current marvel of seriousness alongside changing patterns in the worldwide business condition, the essential target of this report is to show and break down significant issues looked by Google Inc. (Google) identifying with its authoritative culture alongside its plan. The conversation of this report will likewise concentrate on recognizing the significant issues of Google that the organiz ation looked from the given contextual analysis and breaking down them through defending diverse hypothetical points of view adequately. Brief Description of Google Inc. is broadly known for its fast change in the worldwide web based publicizing based industry. The organization is notable as one the main and commanding organizations gaining practical experience in overall web based items or administrations. The organization is fundamentally prestigious for internet promoting alongside ‘search’ publicizing innovation which empowered it to achieve predominant situation in the particular business. Google was set up by the pair named Sergey Brin and Larry Page in 1996 and was fused in 1998 (Google, 2013). Since its development in the worldwide web based figuring business condition, it has been clearly seen that the organization has increased a transformational development through fusing a more extensive scope of spearheading items or administrations. Comparable to the curre nt day setting, Google will in general offer arrangement of items and administrations including on the web efficiency programming, for example, email, office suites alongside other more extensive informal communication administrations. Additionally, the association renders web perusing applications connected with photograph altering apparatuses and texting administrations that empower the organization to accomplish a prevalent serious position. What's more, as per the current situation, Google likewise offers successful media transmission gadgets and online video sharing web-based social networking applications, for example, YouTube to its worldwide clients (Google, 2012). Comparable to the hierarchical culture, it has been seen that Google will in general join remarkable authoritative culture which makes the organization more serious than its adversaries in the individual business. The association consolidates an outstanding hierarchical culture which fundamentally mirrors a suffic ient stage that empowers the workers to pick up their unbelievable information through enhancing, testing alongside chance taking activities. It has been evidently seen from the authoritative procedure or configuration winning in Google that it will in general advance the natural intensity of the laborers and wants to fabricate a beneficial workplace. Additionally, the slip-ups of the workers having a place with Google are utilized as the essential component encouraging the organization to pick up its possibilities as far as

Australia :: essays research papers

Australia Australia is the world's littlest landmass and 6th biggest nation. With proportionately more desert land than some other mainland, Australia has a low populace thickness. Lying totally in the Southern Hemisphere, Australia is limited by the Indian Ocean on the west and south and by the Pacific Ocean on the east. These seas converge on the north in the Arafura Sea between Australia what's more, Indonesia and New Guinea, and on the south in the Bass Strait. The coastline length, evaluated at 19,200 km (12,000 mi), is strikingly short for so huge a region, an aftereffect of the overall absence of space. Significant gulfs other than the Gulf of CARPENTARIA and the GREAT AUSTRALIAN BIGHT are not many. A self-administering individual from the Commonwealth of Nations, Australia commended its bicentennial in 1988z. It is an alliance of five terrain states (NEW SOUTH Ridges, QUEENSLAND, SOUTH AUSTRALIA, VICTORIA, WESTERN AUSTRALIA) and one island state (TASMANIA), just as two regions (AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY, NORTHERN TERRITORY). The nation's name gets from the Latin land australis incognita, which means "unknown southern land," which came about because of a disarray among Australia and Antarctica on early world maps. From multiple points of view Australia is bizarre among landmasses. It needs significant alleviation includes and has a high extent of dry land. The landmass' seclusion from different landmasses represents its one of a kind assortments of vegetation and creature life, also, for the presence of a Paleolithic (Old Stone Age) culture among the Natives. Aside from Antarctica, Australia was presumably the last landmass to be possessed by people and the last to be investigated and settled by Europeans. It is the main landmass involving a solitary country state. Dutch voyagers previously located Australia in the mid seventeenth century. Capt. James COOK investigated the east coast in 1770 and guaranteed the land for Great Britain. In 1778 the principal settlement (SYDNEY) was established at an amazing harbor on the

Calling All Fall Lovers

Calling All Fall Lovers Hey everyone, Its safe to say that fall at Illinois transcends this campus into appreciating the little local things about C-U. All you have to do is explore it! Heres a list of sites to visit and things to do if youre looking for the  scoop on  fall activities: Behold  the Beauty That Is  Sweater Weather   That’s right. Sweaters, beanies, scarves, leather jackets, jeans, leggings, high knee socks, and boots are all back at Illinois. I’m a huge fan of oversized sweaters and tall leather boots, and I can’t stress how excited I am to bring the other 75% of my closet back to life. If you’re going home for the weekend, definitely bring fall and winter attire back with you. If youre looking for a new look, spend some time shopping at the local boutiques on campus or plan a trip to the mall. Curtis Orchard Pumpkin Patch Looking to carve your latest masterpiece on a pumpkin or make your mother’s apple jam? Curtis Orchard is  a special place for you to go explore and bond over fall activities with your roommate, friends, and family. Pick apples and pumpkins and take a sip of their award-winning apple cider by visiting the country store. So far, I havent regretted a purchase, and every corner at Curtis Orchard calls for a great photo. My friend Clare visited Curtis Orchard this weekend with her adorable little cousin, Shane! Join October Lovers If you want to delve into the heart of fall at Illinois, plan on joining the RSO (Registered  Student Organization)  October Lovers. From roasting marshmallows over bonfires at Illini Grove to barn dances and getting lost in corn mazes, this is a great opportunity to meet others just like you who are thrilled about this photogenic season. The group also makes frequent trips to Curtis Orchard and local haunted houses, if youre a fan of Halloween. Picking out our soon-to-be carved pumpkin. Break Out the Baked Goods You know the drill. Pumpkin-spiced lattes have made it back to the drink menu. Bake some festive goods for your roommates or delve into a pinch of sweetness by treating yourself to a flavored latte after a midterm or study session. You deserve it! Yummy pumpkin-spiced muffins. Decorate for Halloween October is a month that my boyfriend and I take quite seriously. Were huge Halloween fanatics and love spooky interior decorating for the sake of tradition. If youre looking to decorate your space or need ideas, Dallas Co. have a great selection of costumes, masks, and other spooky items. Ragstock,  on the corner of Green and  Wright Street, also offers a variety of costumes that wont wreak havoc on your bank account.  Keep an eye out for local contests, and obviously talk to your landlord if youre placing anything outdoors. Our haunted apartment. Enjoy the View Morning walks to class are not only Instagram-worthy, but breathtakingly beautiful. If you can, take  time to sit outside a coffee shop or enjoy your lunch on a hammock on the Quad before winter arrives.  Also, check out the Instagram page @IlliniView to take a glimpse of fall beauty at Illinois! Walking down Oregon street. If you have any other ideas/experiences for Fall at Illinois, definitely leave a comment below. Happy Fall-ing! Jenny Jenny Class of 2016 I'm majoring in Creative Writing in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. I'm from the north side of Chicago, an artsy neighborhood along the lakefront called Andersonville. I plan to pursue a low-residency MFA program in Fiction Writing with the hope of becoming a published author.

Time Management in Nursing - 1374 Words

Time Management Acacia Xavier Davidson Everest Nursing | Henderson, NV Fundamentals II Professor McNeill-Day Wednesday, August 29, 2012 Time Management A nursing student’s time is precious. The amount of time that it takes a student to secure a degree varies by college, yet the process still requires extreme dedication, diligence, mental stamina, and judicious time-management. Once a student has been accepted into a nursing program and begun their education, it soon becomes apparent the need to adapt and accustom a pattern of readjustment to the field of nursing. Overcoming what lies in the unknown, assessing one’s own stress, discovering ways to reduce stress, and creating ultimate compensation that is reflected by achieving good†¦show more content†¦These nursing students who were purposefully chosen utilized the grounded theory method; the findings indicated the need for the students to have time for extra-curricular activities and responsibilities that were appropriate to their individual ages. When the students failed to manage their time judiciously to render out of school activities, often they perceive d themselves under more stress. (Mirzaei et al., 2012, Line 14-15) While an additional study that tookShow MoreRelatedTime Management Is A Critical Component Of Modern Nursing1634 Words   |  7 Pages Time Management in Nursing Roger Kiehl West Texas AM University: Department of Nursing Time management is a critical component of modern nursing. It is, â€Å"a key factor in how nursing work is organized and understood† (Cucolo Perroca, 2015, p. 122). There are many factors that influence nursing behaviors, but time is one of the most important (Chan, Jones, Wong, 2012, p. 2021). Managing and using resources appropriately is a key nursing responsibility, and time is indeedRead MoreTime Management Is A Crucial Component To The Art Of Nursing.1167 Words   |  5 PagesTime management is a crucial component to the art of nursing. During nursing school, little emphasis is placed on developing the skills that will address the time constraints that nurses experience once they are employed as RN’s. New nurses have multiple demands and various conflicting problems that are simultaneously presented to them. They also face unpredictability and vast complexity in their workload. New nurses must develop a strategy and framework to help identify what works bes t for themRead MoreTime Management And Prioritization Is Important Aspects Of Nursing Care964 Words   |  4 PagesTime Management and Prioritization Time management and prioritization are important aspects of nursing care. The Pareto Principle states that 20% of focused effort results in 80% of outcome results and is an important principle for all nurses to practice in order to provide high quality care (Maloney, 2011). The majority of a nurses’ time is spent on documentation, followed by care coordination, patient care activities, unit related activities, med administration, non-clinical activities, and personalRead MoreSample Resume : Self Care1184 Words   |  5 PagesSelf-care in Nursing School Tris Bacani Denver School of Nursing Self-care in Nursing School Self-care is taking a strategic measure to ensure that one is safe and stays in focus. They are personal decisions that one takes for to improve their health. In this case, my self-care is to ensure that I remain in line with the nursing school and nursing career in general, and set strategies to implement the key options that I have chosen. These include time management, , focusing more in nursing schoolRead MoreTime Management Is An Important Aspect Of Every Individual s Life909 Words   |  4 PagesTime Management Time management is an important aspect of every individual’s life as everyone should prioritize their responsibilities, and ensure that there is the appropriate amount of time for everything. In fact, time is the regulator of almost all activities and it is something you always lose but can never get back. Many individuals wish that they had more time or could re-live certain moments and use their time wisely. However, in the healthcare profession every second is essential and itRead MoreThe Need For Classification Of Nursing Data1559 Words   |  7 PagesThe Need for Classification of Nursing Data in EHRs In the healthcare industry, nursing is underrepresented in the development of healthcare policies. Current nursing practice depends on the use of standardized nursing terminology and documentation to accurately communicate and identify nursing diagnoses, nursing care provided, and interventions that were performed within healthcare disciplines process (Mennella Caple, 2016). The essential solution to making nursing more visible is having necessaryRead MoreEffective Approaches in Leadership and Management Essay1487 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: EFFECTIVE APPROACHES IN LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management in Nursing Shortage and Nurse turn-over Nursing Shortage and Nurse Turn Over: Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management. Nursing shortage and nurse’s turnover becomes the worsening problem in the health care industry in United States. Studies show that, by 2020, it may get more worsened approximately 30%, if no measures are taken to resolve the problem. In this essay theRead MoreThe Magnet Recognition Program Essay717 Words   |  3 Pagesdeveloped to attract and maintain nursing staff. According to American Nurses Credentialing Center’s (ANCC) web site, the program â€Å"was developed by the ANCC to recognize health care organizations that provide nursing excellence. The program also provides a vehicle for disseminating successful nursing practices and strategies.† Nursing administration continues to have an integral role associated with the demonstration of excellence in achieving the highest honor of nursing distinction. The explorationRead MoreThe Middle Range Theory Of Acute Pain Management1249 Words   |  5 Pagestheory of Acute Pain Management by Good and Moore establis hed in1996 used in the management of acute and chronic pain. Marion Good is working as an Associate Professor of Nursing at, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio. She conducted many researches in nursing. She is very much involved in Nursing theories and Nursing Research. She conducted research on patient teaching for different therapies for pain management. The first research she did about pain management and formulated the middleRead MoreAn Open Systems Theory Approach956 Words   |  4 PagesThe purpose of this paper is to identify a problem that my health care organization is having with staff members using the Nursing Services Delivery Theory thus affecting nursing staff satisfaction and patient outcomes. I will also describe how the organizational problem is affecting the delivery of nursing services using the systems theory model. Furthermore, I will identify goals that can solve the organizational problem and translate these goals into policies and procedures using an open systems

The Philosophy Of Mind By Paul Churchland - 1327 Words

Philosophy of Mind In contemporary philosophy of mind, talk of perception has fallen out of favour. Indeed most writers to deny perception altogether, or claim that they do not matter. Instead they reduce perception to reality, or speak of the â€Å"really real.† Perception are said to be â€Å"nothing but† particles or waves or structured brain events. â€Å"Always already† â€Å"Nothing but† matter and motion. One influential philosopher of mind, Paul Churchland in his book The Engine of Reason, The Seat of the Soul replaces the perceiver with functioning biological bodies. The perceiver gets reduced to an organized body, mind becomes the brain, body motions become actions, man becomes the person. Churchland redefines phenomenal qualities as being nothing but properties of the brain. Cognitive events such as understanding, recognising, feeling, and perceiving are replaced with neural analogs. Here psychological events are treated solely as neural events. This is the prevai ling view in cognitive science. These contemporary materialists have two claims. This first claim is that all perceptions can be explained in terms of or by reference to neural events and the like. The second claim is that there are only neural events (and other physical events in the environment). At the heart of the dismissal of perception is the combination of two beliefs. The first is that science, especially neurological science, has access to reality; and second, the distrust of perceiver-dependent events. As modernShow MoreRelatedThe Mind-Body Problem Essay1204 Words   |  5 PagesWith the number of brain injury cases observed and the continuous advances in neuroscience, this has proven to be strong evidence in supporting materialism. By defining what Cartesian dualists and materialists mean by the ‘brain’, ‘mind’, ‘body’ and ‘soul’, an argument on behalf of Cartesians dualists will be reached, that responds to evidence concerning brain injuries with the claims that the brain is only ‘an instrument of the soul’. This will lead to the conclusion that there is stronger contemporaryRead MoreThe Philosophical Beliefs Of Substance Dualism And Modern Materialism953 Words   |  4 Pagesin the human mind. The dualistic aspect of this philosophy is based on the presence of a higher power, such as God, that provides the essence of the mind through the soul, yet the human body is separated from this process. Therefore, Descartes sought to divide the mind from the material body as a method of defining the limitations of the body in relation to the immortality of the soul as part of God’s creation. In this manner, Descartes sought to define the perfection of the â€Å"god mind† in the humanRead MorePhilosophy of the Mind2347 Words   |  10 Pages    The   Philosophy   of   Mind       Introduction The philosophy of body and mind has been a highly debated topic since its launch in the 17th centaury by Rene Descartes. Since then, many philosophers have written on the subject matter and many theories have emerged as a product of this lively debate. In this essay, I will analyze and critique a selection of philosophers who ponder on the body-mind topic since the 17th century, and ultimately evaluate Paul M. Chruchland’sRead MoreDualism: Concerns and Issues Essay2086 Words   |  9 Pageswithin philosophy itself. In aspect to metaphysics, it classifies the types of entities in the world into two subcategories, physical and non physical substance. While this may appear to be a very wide and ambiguous opinion, it becomes very specific in regards to our own existence. Paul Churchland puts it very explicitly in his book Matter and Consciousness, and defines dualism as the idea that, â€Å"the essential nature of conscious intelligence resides in something nonphysical† (Churchland 1). ThoughRead MoreFrank Jacksons Knowledge Argument1300 Words   |  6 PagesThe knowledge argument is an argument against physicalism that was first formulated by Frank Jackson in 1982. While Jackson no longer endorses it, it is still regarded as one of the most important arguments in the philosophy of mind. Physicalism is the metaphysical thesis that, basically, everything in this world-including cars, humans, animals, research papers, even our sensations-are ultimately physical. The knowledge argument attempts to refute this thesis by appealing to the following made-upRead MoreTheme Of The Disneyland Of Consciousness1720 Words   |  7 Pagesexistence. Researchers identify a network of three specific regions in the human brain that are believed to be a reason for physical existence of consciousness. Basically, consciousness is comprised of arousal and awareness critical components of human mind. The arousal component has been identified to be regulated by the brainstem which is the portion of the brain that actually links up with the spinal cord. Therefore, the brainstem serves the purpose of regulating the breathing, heart rate, sleepingRead MoreExploring the Different Theories Involved in the Mind and Body Problem1654 Words   |  7 PagesDifferent Theories Involved in the Mind and Body Problem I will attempt to do this by firstly defining what the mind and body is secondly discussing what the mind and body problem is. Thirdly discussing the existing approaches to the problem and finally discussing the strengths and weaknesses of the approaches. The body is that which we perceive ourselves to be with our senses. It usually includes arms, legs a head and so on. The mind is that which is responsible forRead MoreThe Mind Body Problem And Cartesian Dualism1024 Words   |  5 PagesDayna Gelman Justin Pannell April 24, 2015 PHI 107 The Mind-Body Problem and Cartesian Dualism In this paper I will argue for Cartesian dualism to be the most plausible solution to the mind-body problem. Cartesian dualism argues that there is a two-way interaction between mental and physical substances. Renee Descartes, the creator of the theory, believed that a man consisted of matter, the physical things that walk and talk etc., and mind, the nonphysical substance (often correlated with the soul)Read MoreRelationship Between The Mind And The Brain1934 Words   |  8 PagesWhen philosophically analyzing the relationship between the mind and the brain, one must take into consideration all sides of the argument. The mind-body problem exemplifies how mental states are related to physical states assuming that the mind is a non-physical entity while the human body is strictly physical. What is the relationship between the mind and the brain and how is this used to explain all human thoughts, behaviors, and actions? A physicalist, such as David Armstrong, would claim thatRead More Realism : Reality And Dualism1340 Words   |  6 PagesPer Plato’s Phaedo, Renà © Descartes’ Meditations on First Philosophy, and Leibniz’s Law, dualism has a good amount of support and arguments. Dualism, first coined by Renà © Descartes, follows different forms. The main dilemma faced by dualists is the agreement on the relationship between the mental and physical worlds. This question led to the two major forms are substance dualism and property dualism. Substance dualism proposes that the mind is separate from the body. Substance dualists believe that

How the Rolling Stones Keep Rolling Free Essays

The rolling stones start in the year 1960, when two young guys began wrapping in the music world, these two young men were Mick Jagger and Keith Richard, the soul of Rolling Stones, the next year formed their own group called l’Little Boy Blue Blue Boys in company of Jack Taylor. In 1962 came another member of the group named Brian Jones, at this time it was decided to rename the group as Rolling Stones, in the same year they released their first simple â€Å"Come on â€Å", and the same year they began their first tour. In 1964 The Rollings released their first album â€Å"The Rolling Stones†, this album was composed of a single song from the group and the rest were covers of songs known since they just spent to make versions of other artists, but the way they play the instruments and aggression they impose on the issues is what makes them unique. We will write a custom essay sample on How the Rolling Stones Keep Rolling or any similar topic only for you Order Now The experts devised a marketing strategy to publicize the group, wanted to make them look like the bad boys of pop / rock, something appealing to younger and if adapted as opposed to the Beatles, that could be considered the good guys. In January 1965 released her second album, ‘Rolling Stones 2’, which took influences from black American music, primarily soul. In 1966 this group launches ‘Aftermath’, which were songs written by themselves, to give more creativity to your music and manage their own songs with his own style, this in order to stay in top of the music. This album was considered one of the best, because his creativity. In 1967 he released â€Å"Between The Buttoms’, the album was on detention issues, to address issues of drugs in several songs, created a scandal that Jagger and Richards as participants of the band were in detention for Reverse and drug consumption. After the scandal of the previous album, The Rolling Stones decallendo followed, with the LP ‘Their Satanic Magesties Request’ took one of his greatest failures. Try to imitate the â€Å"Sgt Peppers’ by the Beatles, but his followers were accused of following the style of another British group and thus ending his own style which had long been accepted by the youth society. In 1968 there is a new Rolling Stones album, entitled ‘Beggars Banquet’, which witnessed a return to the essence of the Rolling. This album continued his aggressive issues that attract attention and released as the album cover a very sensual and struggles, but was not accepted by the company and for this reason it was censored. In 1969 Brian Jones was found dead in his home, victim of drugs. When Mick Taylor joined the group as a missing member. This was followed by the publication of a new album ‘Let It Bleed’, an ironic reply to ‘Let it Be’ by the Beatles so I just carried their rivalry among groups to draw more attention from fans. This makes them hard to take the top of the rock world. In 1971 he edited ‘Brown Sugar’, the first with his own record label and ‘Sticky Fingers’, the first using a design by Andy Warhol of lips as a seal of the group. This latest album is considered one of the greats of the Rolling for quality instruments. By acquiring its own record label and be so successful, the Rolling Stones decided to purchase accounts in France, to avoid tax. In 1972 he published a double album ‘Exile On Main Street’, an album of great quality and very ambitious. Claimed to be the gateway to a large U. S. tour and had to engage the audience. It was number one in England and USA. This growing group acquired more fame and more fans, they followed their creativity and made separate lists more albums, in 1973 published ‘Goats Head Soup’ and 1974 ‘It’s Only Rock’n Roll’, for whose promotion to the streets of London graffiti saying ‘It’s only rock and roll. It was the last album Mick Taylor in the band, which was replaced by Ron Wood. Also released a live album, ‘Love You Live. The decade of the eighties, the Rolling Stones signed a contract with CBS. With that, the Stones would receive several million dollars for each album released. Result of the agreement were records like ‘Emotional Rescue’, then ‘Tattoo You’ in 1981, ‘Stiff Life’ in 1982, ‘Undercover’ in 1983 and ‘Dirty Work’ in 1986, the album that raised the average quality of the decade was ‘Steel Wheels’, 1989, based on which a new world tour and a new live album based on that tour, â€Å"Flashpoint. In 1990 he toured Japan and Europe, which were followed for more than two million spectators and generating revenues of about two hundred million dollars. In the following years, more doctors are still running as: 1994 Voodoo Lounge ‘and a year’ Rock And Roll Circus, recorded in 1968 and had never been published, in 1995 edited ‘Stripped’ and 1997 ‘Bridges To Babylon’. Finally, in 2005, a new Rolling Stones album, entitled ‘A Bigger Bang. The title is inspired by the group’s popular fascination for the scientific theory about the origin of the universe. How to cite How the Rolling Stones Keep Rolling, Essay examples

Professional Development Of The Teachers †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Professional Development Of The Teachers. Answer: Introduction The report discusses the approaches to professional development of the teachers with the help of Numan principles approach. It further describes the implementation of the principles in the professional development of the teachers. The relevance of the principles is also supported with some examples. In the next part of the report details about the school goals and student needs and its meaning are mentioned. The relevance of the school goals and students needs and there relation with the professional development of the teachers are also explained with the help of some examples followed by conclusion. Nunan principles for professional development of teachers These principles are related with the professional development of the teachers on the basis of several aspects, so that to improve professionalism and quality of education dissemination towards the learners. Principle 1: This is a very important concept which indicates that the learning approach and methods of learning in the childrens and the adults are different so it is required that the teachers are required to realize that the responsibility they are having in their minds so that they provide better learning to the students (Alsagoff, et al., 2012). It is often seen that the teachers having realization about the responsibilities are having better learning methods and explanations for the students so that students learn in better way. It is also suggested that they are having more professional behavior rather than others. Principle 2: It focuses towards learning through experiences and continuous practice. There are lots to learn from failure of someone, so it is needed to use the experiences present with the teachers to improve teaching methods and knowledge. Principle 3: It is required to plan the work so that it is being implemented in a better way so that more improved ways to be suggested by teachers from their experiences over long period of time to improve learning materials and approach to study. Principle 4: In this part of the principle it is focused to develop steps so that learning is portioned in such a manner that the knowledge of the professionals is clearly shown in the learning materials and programmes. Principle 5: This principle focuses on the realization to the teachers about the knowledge they are having and its evaluation so that they feel encouraged improving the lacking areas or those having lack of awareness towards their knowledge will motivate towards analysis of the knowledge. Principle 6: At last is required that the teachers implement the learnings in to practice from the rest of the principles to form a leaning model. It is also important to practice these practices in daily routine to improve professional character and learning workshops. Application of the principles There is difference in the learnings of the childrens and the adults so it is required that the learning style that is to be used for the high level learners should be different. So it is important that the teachers also evolve practices as per the changing needs of the learning, it is not a good way to learn as the child learns in the classroom teaching. There is need to have more practical and application based learning so that the learners have development of the analytical skills and needs to plan work. It can be implemented with very first step that is self direction it is needed that the teachers are aware about the responsibilities (McCulloch and Noonan, 2013). They should use the experience they have to develop a learning material which consists of theoretical as well as practical implication so that to enhance learning. It is also needed to provide timemanagement and relevance of the study so that it can be developed in more proper way. Teachers must practice these skills pe rsonally to achieve perfection (Watts, 2015). It is also important that teachers are motivated and aware about the importance of the learning in their professional and personal life towards high learning. They are also need to move towards technology learning so that they can collaborate with the scholars to develop better education materials. Relevance of principles It is mandatorily required to verify the usefulness of the professional developed projects, so it is verified with the help of the combined training programs for the teachers. It will help to encourage the teachers to develop themselves as their colleagues. Suppose there are three teachers in a university teaching marketing, first one is focusing on theory based learning, second is only focused on practical learning focused on survey, questionnaire and study of products and third is focused on both methods for study (Calderhead, 2012). So the learnings from all three will be different for the students but in case they meet together and exchange some ideas and knowledge than it will be far better to develop a learning material which will having theoretical knowledge to understand the concepts practical surveys and testing. It will motivate the others towards learning this skill. So creating competition among the teachers will help to develop more professional development (McCulloch an d Noonan, 2013). It is important to access the capabilities this can be done with the help of survey having different questions relating to the personal experiences and learnings during teaching the scholars, this will help them to know the lacking areas and strengths which they can utilize to develop the learning materials for the students for professional development of themselves. School goals and assessment of students need School goals are established for the enhanced learning of the students it includes the thoughts and values that are to be inculcated in the students studying in an institution. It focuses on the overall development of the scholars such as learnings about various fields, sports and cultural activities. It also focused on the development of the students with the help of evaluation on the various criterias and competitions so that they will develop in the mental and physical aspects (Parkay, et al., 2014). It also helps to inculcate maturity and experiences for the students helping them in the decision making in future. It is also important to access the students needs as per the current changing environment. Accessing the needs of the students helps to plan and develop the learning materials in such a manner so that it covers all the aspects of study which improves the students knowledge (Brookhart, 2011). So school goals are important for the development of the students but it can be improved to meet the goals with the help of accessing the students needs. Relation of school goals and students needs in professional development of teachers Professionals development of the teachers is next step in the learning of the teachers; learning is a lifelong process which is needed to be continuing for the development of a person. It is necessary to develop professionals character in the teachers as it will result to ascertain the current scenario in the industry. This is also a continuous process which also helps the teachers to generate a view towards the whole studies of the students rather than the narrow approach of just teaching in the class room and learn some concepts Mizell,(2010). Professional development leads to develop school goals and to know about the material to be included in the learning materials followed by the practical projects related to the students learning so that it will helpful in the overall development of the scholars. The primary goal of the schools is to provide good education to all the students taken admission in the institution. Development of professional learning will help to build confidence among the teacher to plan studies at the class room so that all the students are covered in the teaching. It may be activity based teaching or allotting projects in groups so that to improve education standards. It is also seen that quality of teaching is very important for the learning of the scholars professional development will help in improving the teaching quality and teaching methods used for transformation (Reading First, 2005). It is required to plan for training of the teachers at the beginning of the session so that they plan for the whole year activities to be organized for the student learning. It is also required to aware students about the scope of the study so that they take more interest in the learning. It also helps to transform the knowledge of the teacher in to the limited time whic h is very important for every professional so that the audience will interact and understand the concept. School goals and students needs are the criteria for the professional development of the teachers, based on the goals teacher have to plan the activity and learning calendar achieve the students need. Likewise it is also possible that schools provide professional training so that teachers analyze and evaluate internally to change in the learning methods or course material to improve it (Zepeda, 2012). Testing and evaluation of the students on the basis of pen and paper method is also overcome with the help of teacher development. Professional development helps to improve the personality of the teachers so that the approach towards the various activities is changed (Reece and Walker, 2016). It also result to a planned schedule of work, propertime management and including more learning methods in the lectures it also improves the internal awareness of the teachers to improve them as better education provider to brighten the way of the students. Relevance of examples Professional development helps the teachers to boost confidence and systematic planning for the activities. In the absence of this most of the teachers fails to plan and even there is absence of planning which result to failure of school goals (Baran and Correia, 2014). Suppose there is no training is provided to the teachers in a school then there will be problems in completing the course either the study material will be completed in just few months or it may delay within the time. Whereas professional development will aware the teacher towards planning in this case teacher will plan according to the available no of working days in the education calendar and sub-divide the whole syllabus to be covered according to this period. Professional development also helps to plan for new activities to enhance learning and revision of the studies. Conclusion It is concluded that professional development with the help of the Numans principles will definitely help the teachers to develop as better professionals. External evaluation is easy process which is given by the colleagues and friends but professional development will help to analyze internally results to bring change in the personality and teaching as a revolutionary change. The awareness about the actions to perform helps to implement them in better way with confidence. Professional development is needed to balance the school goals and students needs in the education sector which is also explained with some concepts and example to enlighten need of professional development of teachers. References: Alsagoff, L., McKay, S. L., Hu, G., and Renandya, W. A. (2012)Principles and practices for teaching English as an international language. UK: Routledge. Baran, E., and Correia, A. P. (2014) A professional development framework for online teaching,TechTrends,58(5), pp. 95-101. Brookhart, S. M. (2011) Educational assessment knowledge and skills for teachers,Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice,30(1), pp. 3-12. Calderhead, J. (2012) The contribution of research on teachers' thinking to the professional development of teachers,Research on teacher thinking: understanding professional development. London, pp. 11-18. McCulloch, E. B., and Noonan, M. J. (2013) Impact of online training videos on the implementation of mand training by three elementary school paraprofessionals,Education and Training in Autism and Developmental Disabilities, pp. 132-141. Mizell, H. (2010) Why PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT Matters. [Online]. Available at: https://learningforward.org/docs/pdf/why_pd_matters_web.pdf (Accessed: 18 October 2017). Pappas, C. (2013) The Adult Learning Theory - Andragogy - of Malcolm Knowles. [Online]. Available at: https://elearningindustry.com/the-adult-learning-theory-andragogy-of-malcolm-knowles (Accessed: 18 October 2017). Parkay, F. W., Anctil, E. J., and Hass, G. (2014)Curriculum leadership: Readings for developing quality educational programs. USA: Prentice Hall. Reading First (2005) Why Is Professional Development So Important? [Online]. Available at: https://www.sedl.org/pubs/reading100/RF-NB-2005-Summer.pdf (Accessed: 18 October 2017). Reece, I., and Walker, S. (2016)Teaching, training and learning: A practical guide. UK: Business Education Publishers Ltd. Watts, S. W. (2015)Andragogy and online course satisfaction: A correlation study, Northcentral University pp. 1-35. Zepeda, S. J. (2012)Professional development: What works. USA: Eye on education.

The Problem of Codes of Ethics

The relations between people within society are traditionally regulated by definite norms and principles which are often discussed as ethical canons or rules. From this point, ethical principles and rules are based on the concept of morality which is considered as the universal notion.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Problem of Codes of Ethics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thus, the development of all the persons’ interactions should depend on the principles of morality. Ethical norms exist within society without their fixing as laws, but they are realized with references to the moral development of this or that individual. People clearly understand what is morally good and what is bad. However, there are a lot of codes of ethics which are worked out for different professions. According to these codes, the ethical norms and principles are fixed and should be followed strictly. This fact provokes the discussion about the significance of the codes for professions and their difference from the traditional non-fixed ethical principles used in society. In his article â€Å"The Quest for a Code of Professional Ethics: An Intellectual and Moral Confusion†, John Ladd argues that ethical codes are absurd and unnecessary because ethical norms cannot be organized as it is given in codes. In this case, ethical norms acquire the features of laws, and this fact contradicts to the idea of ethical principles. Although the position of John Ladd is rather controversial and has some problematic issues to be discussed, the researcher’s vision is quite reliable and based on a lot of arguments. Thus, his critique has both strengths and weaknesses.Advertising Looking for essay on ethics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The representatives of different professions should communicate and cooperate with their colleagues and clients according to the definite code of ethics. Nevertheless, Ladd states that an organized professional ethics can be discussed as a kind of absurdity because of confusing the principles of ethics with corporate laws (Ladd). It is possible to agree with the author’s point of view that ethics is based on the principles of openness and reflectivity. Moreover, persons are autonomous that is why their moral behavior can depend only on the personal visions of moral or immoral actions and behaviors (Ladd). Thus, the attempts to determine the ethical norms as rules which are necessary to follow according to the standards of the profession or organizations’ activity can be discussed as opposite to the fundaments of ethics. From this point, it is important to distinguish between the code of ethics and the code of conduct. If the code of ethics includes those principles which can be considered as the code of conduct in the context of the definite profession, the notion of the code of ethics becomes meaningless. Therefore, Ladd’s opinion on the fact that the code of ethics begins to be developed as the disciplinary code is credible. The author logically develops his argument and continues the discussion of the controversial points of the question with accentuating the idea that ethics is the same for everyone.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Problem of Codes of Ethics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More That is why it is impossible to speak about the specific ethical norms for different professions (Ladd). According to Ladd, ethical issues can also be presented as the objects of macro-ethics and micro-ethics. When the representatives of one profession are discussed as the social group their ethical or non-ethical behavior can influence as the whole society as individuals within it, and it is a problem of macro-ethics. The aspects of this field are more controversial in comparison wit h the aspects of micro-ethics which is associated with personal relations (Ladd). However, Ladd does not pay much attention to this or that category, and it is possible to disagree with his position depending on Luegenbiehl’s point of view that â€Å"the adoption of a code is significant for the professionalization of an occupational group, because it is one of the external hallmarks testifying to the claim that the group recognizes an obligation to society that transcends mere economic self-interest† (Luegenbiehl 138). John Ladd develops his argument with emphasizing the idea that ethical norms and rules cannot be imposed authoritatively because their realization is connected with definite procedures and laws which are worked out as a result of decision making process, and this fact contradicts to the principles of ethics in its association with morality. Ladd’s approach can be discussed as argumentative, but quite logical. The main concepts which are presented in codes of ethics for different professions reflect the universally adopted visions of the ethical behavior that is why the representatives of definite professions behave according to the general ethical norms which are expanded in the context of this or that profession. In this case, the code of ethics is the collection of well-known ethical principles and rules according to which people regulate their behavior every day. Thus, is it necessary to develop different codes of ethics for a lot of professions, if their basics are the same and depend on accepted visions of ethical and non-ethical behavior?Advertising Looking for essay on ethics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More John Ladd states that the development of codes of ethics is the meaningless process because of its uselessness (Ladd). However, people can disagree with the author’s opinion with references to the groups of representatives of professions as collectives and their definite obligations according to the peculiarities of their activities. Nevertheless, these peculiarities can be described in the codes of conduct without discussing them as the codes of ethics. According to Ladd, the development of codes of ethics has definite objectives, and it is possible to determine benefits and negative aspects of this process (Ladd). Such an approach to the discussion of the problem provides the readers of the article with the opportunity to agree on many ideas presented by the author. It is rather difficult to indicate the specific objectives of using the codes of ethics which could refer to definite professions. Thus, the norms which are provided in the codes of ethics can be analyzed as the significant rules of the ethical behavior for the specialists. Ladd states that such rules can inspire the professionals and remind them about the necessity to act ethically, especially in those situations which are listed in the code (Ladd). Nevertheless, this statement can be discussed as contradictory to the point that it is meaningless to organize specific codes of ethics. Thus, there are a lot of persons which can behave and act unethically and without any reference to the principles of morality. From this point, the code of ethics is not only the collection of the rules, but the factor of limiting the possibilities for the professional’s unethical behavior in relation to colleagues, clients, or any group of people within the society. However, it is only one side of the problem. Codes of ethics cannot include all the controversial aspects which are important for professionals to avoid or follow. They can only be used as the collection of the useful points. Moreover, it is interesting to refer to Luegenbiehl’s opinion that moral conflicts should be solved effectively, but codes of ethics do not provide employees and managers with the necessary base for overcoming conflicts and ethically problematic situations (Luegenbiehl). When these codes can be used for resolving conflicts, they are relevant to the disciplinary codes in which the professionals’ possible risks and responsibilities are given. Discussing the code of ethics for the definite professions as the way to regulate the relations between the employers, employees, and clients, it is possible to speak about the domination of the micro-ethical problems (Ladd). However, this approach also accentuates the facts that there are no extremely significant differences between the ethical norms and principles for different professions because they are based on the single vision of morality as the category, and the confusion between the code of ethics and the code of conduct leads to the w rong usage of the notion of the code of ethics. Moral norms and rules cannot be imposed on people authoritatively as the part of the certain procedure because it is a human right to choose or not to act according to the canons of morality. To support this idea, Ladd proposes the notions of suppression and tyranny in order to emphasize the difference between the code of conduct and ethical norms which should be followed without any pressure. Ladd concludes that it is impossible to codify ethics as the special collection of norms for this or that profession because of the impossibility to use the fixed norms in relation to the phenomenon of morality (Ladd). However, in spite of the position of such researchers as Ladd and Luegenbiehl according to the necessity of working out the codes of ethics for different professions, these codes are still developed and actively used. What is their role in regulating the relations within organizations? It is possible to speak about the defense of t he interests of the representatives of certain professions and about the increase of the status of these professions. People are inclined to trust those persons who act in relation to some limits and regulations even in connection with the questions of morality. From this point, the code of ethics can be discussed as a kind of guarantee for people to get the qualified service or cooperate effectively. Nevertheless, the real situations provide the evidences for supporting the idea that codes of ethics are ineffective for resolving conflicts which are based on the misunderstandings associated with moral issues. Having analyzed John Ladd’s vision of the problem of codes of ethics presented in his work â€Å"The Quest for a Code of Professional Ethics: An Intellectual and Moral Confusion†, it is necessary to conclude that the notions of the code of ethics and the code of conduct should not be confused. Thus, codes of ethics are ineffective for overcoming the conflicts betw een professionals which are based on ethical or moral issues. However, well-developed codes of conduct can be used as the effective means to resolve the conflicts and regulate the problematic situations because these norms can be imposed authoritatively, and employers and managers can require their absolute following when principles of ethics depend on the person’s free choice. Works Cited Ladd, John. â€Å"The Quest for a Code of Professional Ethics: An Intellectual and Moral Confusion†. Ethical Issues in Engineering. Ed. Deborah G. Johnson. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1991. 130-136. Print. Luegenbiehl, Heinz C. â€Å"Codes of Ethics and the Moral Education of Engineers†. Ethical Issues in Engineering. Ed. Deborah G. Johnson. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1991. 137-154. Print. This essay on The Problem of Codes of Ethics was written and submitted by user Liliana N. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How to Find a Career That Will Give You a Sense of Purpose

How to Find a Career That Will Give You a Sense of Purpose Most people would agree that having a sense of purpose in a job makes them feel more productive and happier because then a job seem less like work. In addition, helping others seems to be more important than the money earned in a job. That produces motivation and a willingness to put in extra effort. Taking a look at what jobs have the highest and lowest satisfaction rates according to surveys is an interesting way to assess what job may be right for you. PhysiciansPhysicians in the health care field showed the highest satisfaction rate in their jobs with a score of 95.5 percent. Neurosurgeons, along with cardiothoracic surgeons, OB/GYNs and anesthesiologists were at the top of the job satisfaction list. Not only do these health care jobs offer high pay, they also offer the bonus of a contribution to society by treating the sick and saving lives.Self-Employed Business OwnersThis group encompasses entrepreneurs, business owners and contractors. With a job satisfaction rating of 93.3 p ercent, the people in this group had the highest rating for work environment, including a feeling of openness and a sense of trust. The accomplishment attained in these types of jobs is an important aspect of achieving satisfaction.TeachersTeachers, including teaching assistants and teachers of special education, came next at 91.1 percent. Almost 70 percent said they were thriving, and the teachers reported that they had been happy within the past 24 hours, by laughing, smiling or having experienced joy in their lives.Jobs Requiring Professional TrainingComputer programmers, architects and other professions that require professional training reported a 90.4 percent satisfaction with their jobs. Because of their training, they were placed in jobs with responsibility and the ability to see the outcome of their efforts.Managerial JobsThose in managerial jobs scored their work environments high and reported their satisfaction level as 90.3. Well over half of those surveyed said their su perior in the company treated them like an equal, which was a higher rating than all the other professions that were surveyed.Jobs With the Lowest SatisfactionThose who work in jobs where morale tends to be lowest are also the most dissatisfied with their jobs. Workers in fast food restaurants show the least amount of satisfaction in a job, according to PayScale, with 25 percent saying that their jobs make the world more unpleasant. Coming in second were pickers at 21 percent. These workers spend their days working in warehouses to ensure that purchasers receive their packages. The monotony of the job, combined with staying in a warehouse all day may contribute to their dissatisfaction. Floor supervisors for table games at casinos also said their jobs made the world more unpleasant. Although this type of job is fairly high paying, watching people lose money at the game tables every day must be difficult for some.Finding a Satisfying JobSatisfaction in your job and feeling that you a re making a contribution makes it more likely that you will be happy with a position, no matter what it is. Some people are motivated by pursuing a career with an eye toward advancement, while others believe that passion for what they are doing make a difference. Having a good attitude, challenges in your work that encourage you to improve, variety in the tasks you are expected to do and a feeling of accomplishment at the end of the day contributes to your sense of satisfaction in a job.TheJobNetwork helps you job hunt by noting your skills and interests to send you job alerts when positions of this type become available. After you sign up for job match alert, all you have to do is fill out your qualifications and what types of jobs you are seeking. If you prefer, you can use the job site to search yourself, saving yourself the time from looking at multiple sites to find that great job.

Marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Marketing - Assignment Example This brand is promoted by a concept in marketing called branding. Branding affects the company’s relations with the customers and suppliers because it also deals with the experiences of the customers of the business you engaged into competitors (www.businesslink.gov.uk, Branding: the Basics). THE EVALUATION AND RANKING We have learned in class that it is very important to assess and evaluate the brands to make sure that the company has been effective and successful in promoting their products and services and highlighting the strengths of these products and services. A methodology is used by Interbrand to evaluate brands on the basis of how much they are likely to earn in the future considering the anticipated income. This method uses forecasting of the company’s future in market leadership, stability and the ability of the company and the brand to reach other countries. There are four steps in ranking a brand. The first step is to figure out what percentage of a compan y’s revenues can be acclaimed to brand. The next step is to project a certain number of years of earnings and sales for the brand. The third step is to subtract the expenses or costs such as taxes and cost for operation in the projected earnings to get the net earnings. The last step is to get other earnings to make sure that the earnings credited to the brand will be determined.

Strengths and weaknesses on the research on managerial work Coursework

Strengths and weaknesses on the research on managerial work - Coursework Example Division of work: It helps to determine different works to different employees of the company. With these divisions works are performed effectively and efficiently under supervision of managers. Clear work division helps to make effective strategies for growth of the company. Responsibility division: Managerial work involves in dividing responsibility among its employees analyzing their skills and potentialities. It strengthens different work process of an organization by giving appropriate responsibilities to capable employees. It helps to make good managerial work process (Mintzberg, 1975).   Discipline: Strengths of a company is also dependent on maintaining its discipline. Strong management system helps to make and implement different disciplinary rules within an organization. It influences the work process and function for achieving and fulfilling its goals and objectives. Unity of direction: Managers are responsible for implementing and developing unity in organizational work process. The strength of this managerial work is it shows proper direction to the employees for working together to fulfil same business objectives. It helps to develop sense of unity among the employees.Centralization: Managerial work involves in conducting different functions in making centralization in business process. It helps the organization to implement various plans and policies to develop a smooth work process in its centralized business. Order: Managers gives orders their subordinates for performing different work activities.

The virulence factors of staphylococcus aureus

The virulence factors of staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus aureus is faculatively anaerobic, catalase-positive, coagulase-positive, gram-positive cocci. It is non sporulating, non motile and non capsulated bacteria. 30% of Staphylococcus aureus can be found in skin, mucous of membrane and nasal passages in a healthy person as normal flora. However, Staphylococcus aureus infections are capable of leading to meningitis, pneumonia, osteomyetilis, spectic arthritis and septicemia. It is also difficult to treat Staphylococcus aureus infections if it is a methicillin resistant strain as the only antibiotic, vancomycin, is able to inhibit methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA). Virulence Factors Virulence factors from Staphylococcus aureus can be structural or secreted products that lead to pathogenesis. They are classified into catogeries such as surface proteins, secreting toxins and superantigen toxin. Surface proteins in Staphylococcus aureus provide attachments to host tissues which will colonize and lead to infections. Such proteins are protein A/B which binds to immunoglobulin G, clumping factor A and B to help adherence to bacterial cells. [Plata, Rosato et al. 2009] Alpha-heamolysin, beta-heamolysin, gamma-heamolysin and Panton Valentine Leucocidine (PVL) are examples of secreting toxins which form pores in the host membrane and lyses the cells while staphylococcus enterotoxins weaken the host immune system and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 causes toxic shock by food poisoning. These virulence factors that are produced [Plata, Rosato et al. 2009] by Staphylococcus aureus and often cause life-threatening diseases. These factors overcome and disguise themselves from th e body immune system so that Staphylococcus aureus can colonize and bind to connective tissues which lead to infections. They are also responsible for the symptoms of the disease. The main diagnostic features can be detected by having coagulase agglutination tests and test for the production of thermostable nuclease which break down DNA. [Greenwood, Slack et al. 2007] Exotoxins (TSST1-toxic shock syndrome toxin 1) TSST1 are one of the virulence factors that cause a variety of diseases in humans. TSST1 has short N-terminal ÃŽ ± helix which lead to ÃŽ ² barrel structure also known as B domain or oligosaccharide binding. It is then connected to C-terminal wall of the ÃŽ ² strands (Domain A). This structure cause cysteine loop which result in emetic activity. If there is no loop, TSST1 will be superantigenic [Orwin, Fitzgerald et al. May 2003]. As Staphylococcus aureus invade the body, TSST1 is produced in the bacteria and release to host. It then inhibits host immune responses. It crosses mucosal surfaces and reactivates bacterial cell wall induced arthritis. [Diages, Orwin et al. Jan 2000] TSST1 also stimulate proliferation of T cells. These T cells will not only increase its concentration in the body, but they are also unable to recognize specific antigen in the bacterial cells. Subsequently, T cells cannot eradicate Staphylococcus aureus. Therefore, TSST1 is also known as superantigenicity, py rogenicity and boost the lethality of the toxins. Acquired heart disease in children is often associated with TSST1. Also, TSST1 is linked to women who use tampons regularly as it increases the exposure to Staphylococcus aureus infections. TSST1 helps to release massive amount of cytokines which results in fever, rash, low blood pressure, tissue damage and shock. [Dermnet.org] Exotoxins (Panton Valentine Leucocidin-PVL) Panton Valentine Leucidin (PVL) is usually found in community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA). Tristan (2007) stated that it is categorized as bicomponent synergohymenotropic toxin which lyses host cell membrance and it targets on human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), monocytes and macrophages. Plasma membrane of myeloid cells form octamer pores and target leukocytes by Panton Valentine Leucidin [Kobayashi and Deleo 2009]. Inflammatory mediators such as leukotriene B4, IL-8 and histamine are released to the cell surrounding as PVL activates Ca2+ channels to open leading to calcium influx in PMN, monocytes and macrophages. As long as Ca2+ channels are opened and inflammatory mediators concentration is greatly rising, it is a fatal outcome. Thus, neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages lyses as pores form in their cell membranes and this usually results in toxic shock or refractory hypoxemia. Panton Valentine Leucidin plays a major role in severe necrotizing fasciitis, pne umonia, leukocyte destruction and tissue necrosis. [Libert, Batjom et al. Jan 2009] Staphylococcus enterotoxins-SE Staphylococcus enterotoxins are the common cause of food poisoning. As individual digests a large amount of Staphylococcus aureusthrough contaminated water or food, enterotoxins are produced. It has a major cross linking with major histocompability complex (MHC) class II antigen and T cell receptor (TCR) [Fraser and Proft 2008]. T cell receptor will recruit neutrophils and release a wide variety of inflammation mediators to the stomach and small intestine. Accumulation of inflammation mediators results in hyperemic mucosa and crypt extension develops in jejunum. The disruption of the lining of the small intestine influences the rate of absorption of substances. Thus, gastroenteritis forms and will bring about the systemic symptoms such as fever and hypotension.[ Diages, Orwin et al. Jan 2000]. Vomiting and diarrhea is also a common symptom in SE food poisoning. Food poisoning by Staphylococcus aureusis less severe than other infections by the same species. It is often self limiting a s well. [Diages, Orwin et al. Jan 2000] Protein A Protein A is characterized as a cell wall associated monomeric protein. [Gomez, Lee et al. 2004]. It has role in causing pneumonia by targeting polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell migration in the airway passages. Protein A binds to the Fc region of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and causes opsonization. [Greenwood, Slack et al. 2007]. It also phosphorylates mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) as pro-inflammatory signaling. IL-8 is made and secreted out from epithelial cells. In addition, protein A also mimics TNF-ÃŽ ± (tumour necrosis factor ÃŽ ±) that will bind to TNFR1, which is distributed at airways (tumour necrosis factor receptor 1). This will recruit TRADD (TNFR1 associated death domain protein) and TRAF2 (TNF receptor associated factor 2). Both will be activated, protein A and TRAF2 with RIP1 will coimmunoprecipitate in the airways [Gomez, Lee et al. 2004]. Furthermore, protein A inhibits phagocytic engulfment. In the same paper, Gomez also stated that if Staphylococcus aureusis lacking in protein A or TNFR1, bacterial virulence will be lower and accumulation of PMN in the lung will be decrease as well. It is harmless to activate PMN as it is to protect the lung, however, when there is an increase in protein A binding to PMN, PMN is activated and enhancing the inflammatory mediators to be released in the airways. Therefore, an increase in protein A will generate a greater inflammatory response and subsequently pneumonia develops. Staphylokinase (SAK) Staphylokinase is an enzyme that produces by Staphylococcus aureus. When staphylokinase is released from Staphylococcus aureus and targeted to neutrophils, ÃŽ ±-defensins is produced and followed by neutralization of short peptides by Staphylococcus aureus. This results in inhibition of bactericidal effects of defensins by the activation of plasminogen and staphylokinase increases bacterial infection process. [Bergmann and Hammerschmidt 2007] Plasminogen is tightly regulated and it is a part of fibrinolysis mechanism which coagulates fibrin when a blood vessel is injured. Staphylococcus aureus changes plasminogen to fibrin with the help of fibrin as co-factor. Staphylokinase is encoded by the Sak gene and regulated by the agr gene. Its structure has a central ÃŽ ±-helix and 5 ÃŽ ² sheet strands. [Bokarewa, Jin et al. 2006]. Once neutophils is bound to the central ÃŽ ±-helix, it induces conformational changes. Consequently, plasminogen is converted to plasmin. Fibrin clots is then bro ken down by plasmin and kept the infection localized. Staphylokinase-plasminogen complexes also help Staphylococcus aureus to enter the host tissues. Furthermore, Maria stated that if 2 staphylokinase form a dimer due to the central ÃŽ ±-helical, it will reduce antigenicity. Several binding sites to neutrophils can be found in staphylokinase. This will induced in releasing of ÃŽ ±-defensins and affect the bactericidal properties as peptides are being neutralized. Staphylococcus aureusis then resistant to phagocytosis by neutrophils. [Bokarewa, Jin et al. 2006]. Staphylokinase infections are usually found in sepsis, immunocompromised and elderly patients as they are more prone to Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotics are the usual therapy of these infections. Virulence Factors in Staphylococcus aureusare the main components that causing life threatening diseases. It is mostly the mediators released by the immune system gives the symptoms for the diseases. If there are any mutations in these virulence factors, it will be less virulent to the bacteria and the symptoms of disease will lessen as these virulence factors will not target neutrophils, macrophages and other immune system components. Therefore, inflammation mediators are not released in a great amount at once.

Porter’s five forces Essay

Michael E Porter developed the Porter’s five forces analysis in 1979 which serves as a framework for industry analysis and business strategy development. Its five forces determine the competitive intensity and therefore attractiveness of a market. Attractiveness in this context refers to the overall industry profitability. Three of Porter’s five forces refer to competition from external sources. The remainder are internal threats. It is useful to use Porter’s five forces in conjunction with SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats). Porter referred to these forces as the micro environment. They consist of those forces close to a company that affect its ability to serve its customers and make a profit. The stronger the forces, the less profit they will make and vice-versa. A change in any of the forces normally, requires a business unit to re-assess the marketplace given the overall change in industry information. The overall industry attractiveness does not imply that every firm in the industry will return the same profitability. Porter’s five forces include – three forces from ‘horizontal’ competition: threat of substitute products, the threat of established rivals, and the threat of new entrants; and two forces from ‘vertical’ competition: the bargaining power of suppliers and the bargaining power of customers. The threat of the entry of new competitors The treat of new entrants depend on the ease with which they can enter the market. Markets with high profits will attracts new firms. The major barriers are: * Need for economies of scale * High entry costs * Lack of distribution channels * Government policies such as selective subsidies * Cost advantages of existing firms such as access to raw materials, know how * Strong product- loyal customers The intensity of competitive rivalry Strong rivalry will reduce profits. This occurs when: * Many firms, none dominant * Slow market growth * Fixed costs are high * High exit costs * Similar products In high competitive markets, threat of new entrants is high.

Organizational Strategies for Quality Assessment and Improvement Essay

Ambiguous medical notations are one of the most common and preventable causes of medication errors (Grissinger & Kelly, 2005). Drug names, dosage units, and directions for use should be written clearly to minimize confusion. The Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) and the Food and Drug Administration recommend that error-prone abbreviations are considered whenever medical information is communicated (Institute for Medical Safety, 2012). Medication errors result in thousand of adverse drug events, deaths, and preventable reactions every year (Grissinger & Kelly, 2005). Healthcare personnel, IMSP, the pharmaceutical industry, and The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are some of the groups responsible for determining how these medication errors occur and designing strategies to reduce these errors (Institute for Medical Safety, 2012). ISMP is a nonprofit organization made up of nurses, pharmacist, and physicians. IMSP was founded in 1944 and are dedicated in educating and increasing awareness of medication error prevention and safety measures (About ISMP, 2012). They base their non-punitive initiatives on five key areas: analysis, communication, cooperation, education, and knowledge (About ISMP, 2012). The IMSP get their data by healthcare professionals reporting so that they can assist in learning and understanding the causes of the error and everything is confidential (About ISMP, 2012) IMSP Objectives The objective of the ISMP is to help the healthcare providers clarify any order that is not clearly legible or obvious especially with error-prone abbreviations, dose designations, and making sure that orders with abbreviations are clarified and written out completely, and verbal orders are read back, repeated if misunderstood, and spelled out (About ISMP, 2012). Also to hold webinar educational programs and medication safety issues. They offer tool kits for healthcare facilities to get the word out like posters, videos, patient brochures, books, and other drug safety tools. IMSP will conduct risk assessments on-site risk of medication safety in healthcare facilities and respond to sentinel events (About ISMP, 2012). IMSP Propose Strategies or Recommendations Suggest for the Acute Care Setting Here are some strategies that healthcare facilities can employ to  help eliminate the use of dangerous abbreviations. One is encouraging all healthcare professionals to avoid using medication error-prone abbreviations in all electronic and written communication (National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA), 2010). Another is identifying and promoting Physician Champions who will not only support accreditation-related activities but also advocate for full compliance. Healthcare facilities can assist in providing educational seminars and webinars to update all healthcare professionals and staff at the beginning of their employment period. Another way is for healthcare management and safety personnel to use advertised posters, create laminated cards with error-prone medication abbreviations, and dosage classifications throughout the acute care facility. The healthcare professionals should have these items at their disposal and distributed out at the beginning of employment (National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA), 2010). Lastly, making sure that the healthcare personnel avoids the use of medication abbreviations on CPOEs, labels generated from the system and bins, drug storage, and shelves. All the while making sure that the facility and personnel are adhering to guidelines, charts, and protocols (National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA), 2010). Reference â€Å"About ISMP.† (2012). Institute for Safe Medication Practices. Retrieved from http://www.ismp.org/about/default.asp Grissinger, M., & Kelly, K. (2005). Reducing the risk of medication errors in women. Journal Of Women’s Health (15409996), 14(1), 61-67. doi:10.1089/jwh.2005.14.61 Institute for Medical Safety. (2012). Acute Care. â€Å"Medical Safety Alert!†. Retrieved from www.imsp.com National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA). (2010) Rapid response report NPSA/2010/RRR009: reducing harm from omitted and delayed medicines in hospital. Retrieved from www.nrls.npsa.nhs.uk/resources/type/alerts/?entryid45=66720

Analysis Of Mahatma Gandhi A Lesson In Servant Leadership

Jesus Vera Analyzing Leadership Roles Instructor: Christine Hayda May 31, 2017 Mahatma Gandhi: A Lesson in Servant-Leadership Born Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, Mr. Gandhi was and is one of the greatest examples of a servant leader. Being a servant leader does not mean a leader becomes a servant. A servant leader thinks of the needs of others when they are leading. So loved was Mr. Gandhi that he became known as Mahatma Ghandi. According to Google, Mahatma is defined as â€Å"a person regarded with reverence or loving respect; a holy person or a sage† (Unknown, Definition of Mahatma). Mahatma Gandhi tried to unify his native India strictly by using non-violent methods. His birthday, October 2nd, is a national holiday in India and,†¦show more content†¦He was roughed up by a white stagecoach driver for refusing to give his seat up for a European passenger. Ordered by a magistrate, a judge, to remove his turban in a courtroom, Gandhi refused and had to leave the courtroom. 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